Measures en Español (Spanish)

• Positive and Negative Affective Schedule (PANAS)
  • The PANAS was designed to measure affect in various contexts such as at the present moment, the past day, week, or year, or in general. The PANAS is based on a two-dimensional conceptual model of mood, where the full range of affective experiences are reflected along two broad dimensions of positive mood and negative mood
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063

• Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D)
  • The Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression (CES-D) Scale is a 9-item questionnaire that assesses symptoms of depression that have occurred within the past week.***
  • Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385–401.

• Derogatis Affects Balance Scale (DABS)
  • The Derogatis Affects Balance Scale (DABS) Scale is a 40-item inventory that examines an individual’s positive and negative emotions.***
  • Derogatis, L. R., & Rutigliano, P. J. (1996). The Derogatis Affects Balance Scale DABS. In B. Spilker (Ed.), Quality of life and pharmacoeconomics in clinical trials (2nd ed.) (pp. 107-118). Philadelphia: Lippincott-Rave.

• The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)
  • The PSWQ aims to measure the trait of worry. Research suggests that the instrument has a strong ability to differentiate patients with generalized anxiety disorder from other anxiety disorders.
  • Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the penn state worry questionnaire. Behavior Research and Therapy, 28, 487-495.

• State Trait Anxiety Inventory – Short (STAI-S)
  • The STAI is a commonly used measure of trait and state anxiety. It can be used in clinical settings to diagnose anxiety and to distinguish it from depressive syndromes.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

• Measure of Attachment Qualities (MAQ)
  • The Measures of Attachment Qualities Scale is a 14-item measure used to assess adult attachment patterns.***
  • Carver, C. S. (1997). Adult attachment and personality: Converging evidence and a new measure. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 865-883. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167297238007

• Coping with Pregnancy
  • The Revised Prenatal Coping Inventory (Nu-PCI) Scale is a 42-item measure designed to assess coping strategies used during the past month of pregnancy. It includes three subscales: planning-preparation, avoidance, and spiritual-positive coping.***
  • Yali, A. M., & Lobel, M. (2002). Stress-resistance resources and coping in pregnancy. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 15(3), 289-309. https://doi.org/10.1080/1061580021000020743

• Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
  • The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a 10-item assessment used for detecting symptoms of postpartum depression.***
  • Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987). Detection of postnatal depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 782-786. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.6.782

• Infant Feeding Interview
  • The Infant Feeding Interview questionnaire is a 12-item tool designed to assess the duration, intensity, and mode of human milk (HM) consumption, as well as the duration of maternal HM production, within 19 to 35 months postpartum.***
  • O’Sullivan, E. J., & Rasmussen, K. M. (2017). Development, construct validity, and reliability of the questionnaire on infant feeding: A tool for measuring contemporary infant-feeding behaviors. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 117(12), 1983-1990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2017.05.006
  • For Breastfeeding and Infant Feeding Practices, CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/ifps/questionnaires.htm

• Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised
  • The Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R) is a 191-item parent report measure that assesses the temperament of infants aged 3 to 12 months across 14 distinct scales which are consistent with three broad dimensions of Surgency/Extraversion, Negative Affectivity, and Orienting/Regulation.***
  • Gartstein, M. A. & Rothbart, M. K. (2003). Studying infant temperament via the revised infant behavior questionnaire. Infant behavior and development, 26(1), 64-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383(02)00169-8

• Infant Crying and Fussing Behavior Interview
  • A modified version of the Crying Patterns Questionnaire. Provides information about persistent infant crying, crying durations and patterns.
  • James‐Roberts, I. S., & Halil, T. (1991). Infant crying patterns in the first year: normal community and clinical findings. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32(6), 951-968.

• Infant Health Assessment
  • The Infant Health Assessment is a 7-item measure used to evaluate the infant’s health after release from the hospital.***

• Infant Health Interview
  • The Infant Health Interview is a 10-item questionnaire that asks about drug use, labor, and postpartum complications.

• Infant Sleep Interview
  • The Infant Sleep Interview is a 10-item measure used to evaluate an infant’s sleep patterns and sleeping problems.***
  • Morrell, J. M. (1999). The infant sleep questionnaire: a new tool to assess infant sleep problems for clinical and research purposes. Child Psychology and Psychiatry Review, 4(1), 20-26.

• Parenting Stress Index – Short Form (PSI) 36 items
  • The PSI-SF yields scores on the following subscales: 1) Parental Distress, 2) Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction, and 3) Difficult Child. 
  • Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index, Third Edition: Professional Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.

• Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire Revised (PRAQ-R)
  • The 10-item Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire–Revised (PRAQ-R) is a widely used instrument to assess and identify pregnancy-specific anxiety in nulliparous women. It has good psychometric values and predictive validity for birth and childhood outcomes. Nonetheless, the PRAQ-R is not designed for use in parous women, as particularly one item of the questionnaire is not relevant for women who gave birth before.
  • Huizink, A. C., Delforterie, M. J., Scheinin, N. M., Tolvanen, M., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2016). Adaption of pregnancy anxiety questionnaire-revised for all pregnant women regardless of parity: PRAQ-R2. Archives of women’s mental health, 19(1), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-015-0531-2

• Pregnancy Experience Scale
  • The Pregnancy Experiences Scale (PES) is designed to evaluate maternal appraisal of positive and negative stressors during pregnancy.
  • DiPietro, J. A., Ghera, M. M., Costigan, K., & Hawkins, M. (2004). Measuring the ups and downs of pregnancy stress. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 25, 189-201. 

• Pregnancy Symptoms Inventory
  • The Physical Symptoms Scale is a 26-item measure that evaluates pregnancy-related symptoms with a mechanism for assessing their effect on function.***
  • Foxcroft, K. F., Callaway, L. K., Byrne, N. M., & Webster, J. (2013). Development and validation of a pregnancy symptoms inventory. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 13, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-3

• The Birth
  • Based on the T5 Interview- Multi-Site Behavior in Pregnancy Study (MSBIPS): 2001-2006. Details of birthing experience, complications, and discharge from hospital.
  • Sandman, Hobel, Dunkel-Schetter; Multi-Site Behavior in Pregnancy Study (MSBIPS): 2001-2006; https://cds.psych.ucla.edu/multi-site-behavior-in-pregnancy-study-msbips/

• Your Baby Questionnaire
  • Assess more infant behaviors (crying, anxiety, and fear).

• Acculturative Stress Scale:
  • The Societal, Attitudinal, Familial, and Environmental Acculturative Stress (SAFE) Scale is a 24-item measure designed to assess acculturative stress, specifically among ethnic minorities experiencing new cultural adaption(s). 
  • Mena, F. J., Padilla, A. M., & Maldonado, M. (1987). Acculturative stress and specific coping strategies among immigrant and later generation college students. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 9(2), 207-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863870092006

• Demographics and Acculturation:
  • The Demographic and Acculturation Questionnaire is an 8-item scale with 24 subquestions designed to gather historical and cultural background information in order to assess an individual’s background information and level of acculturation.***

• Familism Scale:
  • The Familism Scale is a 14-item measure designed to assess the cultural value of familism within Hispanic/Latinx populations, evaluating three core dimensions: familial obligations, perceived support from family, and family as referents.***
  • Sabogal, F., Marín, G., Otero-Sabogal, R., Marín, B. V., & Perez-Stable, E. (1987). Hispanic familism and acculturation: What changes and what doesn’t? Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 9(4), 397-412.

• Simpatía Scale:
  • The Simpatía Scale is an 18-item self-report scale measure of simpatía, a Latino cultural value that emphasizes preferring and creating social interactions characterized by warmth and emotional positivity, while also avoiding conflict and/or overt negativity.
  • Acevedo, A. M. , Herrera, C. , Shenhav, S., Yim, I. S., & Campos, B. (2020). Measurement of a Latino cultural value: The Simpatía Scale. Journal of Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 26, 419-425.

Demographics typical to psychological and health research.

• Hair Sample Demographics Questionnaire
  • The Hair Sample Demographics questionnaire is a 9-item survey that examines external hair exposures to investigate the influence on cumulative cortisol levels.
  • Moody, S. N., van Dammen, L., Wang, W., Greder, K. A., Neiderhiser, J. M., Afulani, P. A., … & Shirtcliff, E. A. (2022). Impact of hair type, hair sample weight, external hair exposures, and race on cumulative hair cortisol. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 142, 105805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105805

• Health Interview:
  • The Health Interview is a 52-item questionnaire designed to inquire about a woman’s health and pregnancy.***

• Health Interview Medical Definitions:
  • The Health Interview Medical Definitions (T1) is a list of medical definitions derived from Elsevier’s dictionary of medicine.
  • Simon, A. H. (2004). Elsevier’s dictionary of medicine: Spanish-English and English-Spanish. Elsevier.

• Intake Form:
  • The Intake Form is a 7-item tool used to screen participants in order to assess potential health influences on mood, stress, or biological responses. 

• Multi-Dimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20):
  • The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) Scale is a 20-item measure designed to evaluate fatigue on five dimensions: general fatigue, physical fatigue, reduced motivation, reduced activity, and mental fatigue.***
  • Smets, E. M. A., Garssen, B., Bonke, B., & De Haes, J. C. J. M. (1995). The multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 39 (5), 315–325. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9893-4_57

• Multi-Dimensional Health Locus of Control:
  • The Multi-Dimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form B is an 18-item questionnaire used to evaluate an individual’s perceived level of control they have over their health status.***
  • Wallston KA, Wallston BS, DeVellis R. Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales. Health Educ Monogr. 1978 Spring;6(2):160-70. doi: 10.1177/109019817800600107. PMID: 689890.

• Verbal Paired Associates I & II
  • A subset of measures from the Wechsler Memory Scale, a widely used clinical instrument designed to assess domains of memory, including short-term, long-term (declarative), and working memory.
  • (2011) WMS-IV. In: Kreutzer J.S., DeLuca J., Caplan B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_4272

• Life Orientation Test – Revised (LOT-R):
  • A 10-item measure of optimism versus pessimism.
  • Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A re-evaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 1063-1078.

• Ten Item Personality Item (TIPI):
  • The TIPI is a 10-item measure of the Big Five (or Five-Factor Model) dimensions.
  • Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B., Jr. (2003). A Very Brief Measure of the Big Five Personality Domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504 528.

• New General Self-Efficacy Scale:
  • An 8-item measure that assesses how much people believe they can achieve their goals, despite difficulties.
  • Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale. Organizational Research Methods, 4(1), 62-83. https://doi.org/10.1177/109442810141004

• The Social Ladder:
  • A single-item measure that assesses a person’s perceived rank relative to others in their group.
  • Adler, N. E., Epel, E. S., Castellazzo, G., & Ickovics, J. R. (2000). Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning: Preliminary data in healthy, White women. Health Psychology, 19(6), 586-592.

• Inclusion of Self in Others (IOS):
  • The Inclusion of Other in Self Scale is a one item pictorial measure that assesses perceived interpersonal closeness between the self and another person (e.g., partner, mother, father, brothers, sisters, and friends).***
  • Aron, A., Aron, E. N., & Smollan, D. (1992). Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale and the structure of interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(4), 596–612. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.596

• Positive and Negative Social Exchanges Scale (PANSE):
  • Assess four domains of positive and negative social exchanges that have been found to be important in the literature. The four positive domains were informational support, instrumental support, emotional support, and companionship, and the four parallel negative domains were unwanted advice or intrusion, failure to provide help, unsympathetic or insensitive behavior, and rejection or neglect.
  • Newsom, J. T., Rook, K. S., Nishishiba, M., Sorkin, D. H., & Mahan, T. L. (2005). Understanding the relative importance of positive and negative social exchanges: examining specific domains and appraisals. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 60(6), P304–P312. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/60.6.p304

• Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI):
  • A self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven “component” scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score.
  • Buysse,D.J., Reynolds,C.F., Monk,T.H., Berman,S.R., & Kupfer,D.J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): A new instrument for psychiatric research and practice. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193-213. The detailed scoring instructions are at the end of this journal article.

• Sleeping Questionnaire:

• Medical Outcomes Survey (MOS) – Social Support Survey:
  • The MOS Social Support Survey is a 19-item measure used to evaluate an individuals functional social support across multiple dimensions: emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, and positive social interaction.
    • This scale is also available in a modified translated version, geared towards Spanish-speaking fathers.
  • Sherbourne, C. D., & Stewart, A. L. (1991). The MOS social support survey. Social Science & Medicine, 32(6), 705-714. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(91)90150-B

• Brief Coping:
  • The Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief-COPE) Scale is a 28-item self report questionnaire that evaluates an individual’s coping responses to stressful life events.***
  • Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to Measure Coping But Your Protocol’s Too Long: Consider the Brief COPE. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6

• Life Events Scale:
  • The Life Events Scale is a 62-item measure used to assess the frequency, timing, and perceived impact of major life changes experienced by an individual in the past six months.***
  • Tausig, M. (1982). Measuring life events. Journal of health and social behavior, 52-64. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136389

• Perceived Stress Scale – 14 items:
  • For more information on the different translations of the PSS, please click here.
  • Versión española (2.0) de la Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) de Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983), adaptada por el Dr. Eduardo Remor

• Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS):
  • For more information on the different translations of this scale, please click here
  • Kobau, R., Sniezek, J., Zack, M. M., Lucas, R. E., & Burns, A. (2010). Well-being assessment: An evaluation of well‐being scales for public health and population estimates of well-being among US adults. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-being, 2(3), 272-297. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2010.01035.x