Publications

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS AFTER 2020

• Loftus Klemfuss (2024)   Misinformation.  Psych Crime Law
• Deferme_Otgaar (2024)_Repressed Memories in Europe_TICS
• Greenspan Loftus (2023)  Eyewitness Practices.  Psych Crime Law
• Greene et al (2023)  Hindsight.  Applied Cognitive Psychology
• Murphy et al (2023)  Weak Correlations in false memory tasks.  Applied Cognitive Psychology
• Shao_Zhu_(2023)  Hippocampus and false memory.  Nature Communications.
• Greenspan Loftus (2023)  Confidence Scales.  Applied Cognitive Psychology
• Clark et al (2023)  Scientific Censorship  PNAS
• Kenchel _(2022) Eyemovements & false memory_ Memory
• Berkowitz et al (2022) Convicting with confidence.  Memory
• Shao Zhu  (2022)  neuro & false memories, NeuroImage
• Greenspan Loftus (2022)  Debriefing, Memory & Cognition
• Loftus chapter in Pioneering Women (2022)
• Grady, Ditto, Loftus (2021)  Fake News warning….  Cognitive Research: Principles & Imp
• Wixted et al (2021)  Test Once.  Perspectives on Psychological Science
• Murphy et al (2021)  Misremembering Motives.  Jarmac.
• Greenspan_Loftus (2021)  Pandemic Misinfo.  HumanBehEmerTech
• Feeling et al. (2021)  False Memory and Heart rate.  IJP.

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS 2010 TO 2020

• Davis & Loftus (2020)  Recovered and false memories.  Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry
• Kloft et al (2020)  Cannabis and Memory.  PNAS
• Murphy et al (2020) Debriefing,  Memory
• Shaw & Loftus (2020) Punishing the crime of forgetting.   JARMAC.
• McClure et al (2020)  Officer shooting.  PsychCrimeLaw
• Murphy et al, (2019)  Ireland Abortion False Memories, Psychological Science
• Nichols Loftus_(2019)  Who is susceptible in three false memory tasks_Memory
• Urban, Cochran (2019)_Misremembering Pain    Memory & Cognition 
• Zhu, Chen et al._(2019)   Induction of false memory, PNAS
• Loftus (2018)_Eyewitness Science_Annual Review of Law and Social Science
• Rakoff Loftus (2018) Eyewitness,   Daedalus,
• Loftus (2017) Eavesdropping on Memory. Annual Review of Psychology.
• Butler_Loftus (2017)_Discrepancy Detection_Memory
• Davis & Loftus (2016) Disputing Sex. Criminal Law and Criminology
• Zhu et al. (2016)    Hippocampus size …..and false memory.   Brain Struct Func
• Cochran et al., (2016)  Memory Blindness.   Memory & Cognition
• Frenda, S.J. et al (2016) Sleep deprivation and false confessions.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
• Kaplan, R.L. et al (2016) Emotion and false memory.  Emotion Review
• Patihis, L & Loftus, E.F. (2016)  Crashing Memory 2.0.  Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30, 41-50.
• Loftus, E.F. (2016)  Illusions of Memory.   Skeptical Inquirer, 40, 22-23.  (Acceptance speech for honorary doctorate from Univ of London, Goldsmiths)
• Frenda, S.J. et al.  (2014)  Sleep deprivation and false memories of event details.  Psychological Science, 25, 1674-1681.
• Lynn, S.J. et al  (2014)  The trauma model of dissociation.  Psych Bull, 140, 896-910.
• Strange, D., Dysart, J., & Loftus, E.F. (2014)  Why alibi errors are not necessarily evidence of guilt.  Zeitschrift fur Psychologie, 222, 82-89.
• Wylie, L.E., Patihis, L., et al (2014)  Misinformation effects in older versus younger adults.  In M.P. Toglia et al  (Eds).  The Elderly Eyewitness in Court.  UK: Taylor & Francis, p. 38-66.
• Patihis, L., et al  (2014)  Are the Memory Wars Over?  Psychological Science, 25, 519-530
• Patihis, L., Frenda, S.J. et al.  (2013)  False memories in highly superior autobiographical memory individuals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 20947-20952.
• Loftus, E.F. (2013)  Eyewitness Testimony in the Lockerbie Bombing Case. Memory, 21,  584-590.
• Morgan, C.A., Southwick, S., et al   (2013)  Misinformation can influence memory for recently experienced, highly stressful events,   International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 36, 11-17.
• Zhu, B;., Chen, C.., Loftus, E.F., Moyzis, R.K., Dong, Q., Lin, C. (2013)  True but not false memories are associated with the HTR2A gene.  Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 106, 204-209.
• Kaasa, S. O., Cauffman, E., Clarke-Stewart, K.A.,& Loftus, E.F. (2013) False accusations in an investigative context. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 31, 574-592.
• Clifasefi, S.L., Bernstein, D.B., Mantonakis, A. & Loftus, E.F. (2013). “Queasy does it”: False alcohol beliefs and memories lead to diminished alcohol preferences. Acta Psychologica, 143, 14-19.
• Schacter, D.L.& Loftus, E.F.(2013) Memory and Law: What can Cognitive Neuroscience Contribute? Nature Neuroscience.16,119-123.
• Frenda, S. J., Knowles, E.D., Saletan, W.,& Loftus, E.F. (2013) False memories of fabricated political events. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 280-286.
• Zhu, B., Chen, C., Loftus, E.F., Lin, C.,& Dong, Q., (2013)  DRM and misinformation false memories.  Memory & Cognition, 41, 832-838.
• Mantonakis et al (2013) False beliefs can shape current consumption.  Psychology, 4, 302-308.

• Patihis, L., Tingen, I.W., & Loftus, E.F. (2013)  Memory myths.  Catalyst, 23 (3), p 6-8
• Steblay, N.K. & Loftus, E.F. (2013) Eyewitness identification and the legal system.  In Shafir, E. (Ed)  The Behavioral Foundations of Public Policy.  Princeton University Press.
• Newman, E.J. & Loftus, E.F. (2012)  Clarkian Logic on Trial.  Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7, 260-263.
• Newman, E.J. & Loftus, E.F. (2012)  Updating Ebbinghaus on the science of memory.  Europe’s Journal of Psychology,
• Foster, J.L., Huthwaite, T., Yesberg, J.A., Garry, M., & Loftus, E.F. (2012)  Repetition….in the accuracy of eyewitnesses.  Acta Psychologica, 139, 320-326.
• Zhu, B.., Chen, C., Loftus…. & Dong, Q. (2012)  Brief exposure to misinformation can lead to long-term false memories, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26, 301-307.
• Loftus, E.F. (2011)  Intelligence gathering post 9/11.  Amer Psych, 66, 532-541.
• Kaasa, S.O., Morris, E.K., & Loftus, E.F. (2011)  Remembering why.  Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25, 35-42.
• Nelson, K.J., Laney, C., Bowman-Fowler, N., Knowles, E., Davis, D., & Loftus, E.F. (2011)  Change blindness can cause mistaken eyewitness identification.  Legal and Criminological Psychology, 16, 62-74.
• Frenda, S.J, Nichols, R.M., & Loftus, E.F. (2011)  Current issues and advances in misinformation research.  Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 20-23.
• Stark, C.E.L., Okado, Y., & Loftus, E.F. (2010)  Imaging the reconstruction of true and false memories…. Learning and Memory, 17, 485-488.
• Newman, E.J., Berkowitz, S.R., Nelson, K.J., Garry, M. & Loftus, E.F. (2011) Attitudes about memory dampening drugs…  Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25, 675-681.
• Zhu, B., Chen, C. et al (2010) Individual Differences in false memory from misinformation:. Cognitive factors. Memory, 18, 543-555.
• Zhu, B., Chen, C., Loftus, E.F., Lin, C., He, Q., Chen, C., Moyzis, R.K., Lessard, J. & Dong, Q.  (2010)  Individual differences in false memory from misinformation: Personality characteristics,  Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 889-894.
• Loftus, E.F. & Frenda, S.J. (2010)  Bad theories can harm victims. (Review of The Trauma Myth) , Science,327, 1329-1330.
• Goodman-Delahunty, J., Granhag, P.A., Hartwig, M. & Loftus, E.F.   (2010) Insightful or wishful: Lawyers’ ability to predict case outcomes.   Psychology, Public Policy & Law., 16, 133-157.
• Zhu, B., Chen, C., Loftus, E.F., Lin, C.,& Dong, Q.  (2010)  Treat and Trick: A new way to increase false memory.  Applied Cognitive Psychology , 24, 1199-1208.

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS  2000 TO 2009

• Bernstein, D.M. & Loftus, E.F. (2009) The consequences of false memories for food preferences and choices. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 135-139.
• Bernstein, D.M. & Loftus, E.F. (2009)  How to tell if a particular memory is true or false.  Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 370-374.
• Davis, D. & Loftus, E.F. (2009) Expectancies, emotion and memory reports of visual events.  In J.R. Brockmole (Ed)  The Visual World in Memory.  Hove & NY: Psychology Press, p 178-214.
• Berkowitz, S.R., Laney, C., Morris, E.K., Garry, M., & Loftus, E.F. (2008)  Pluto behaving badly: False beliefs and their consequences.  American Journal of Psychology, 121, 643-660
• Geraerts, E., Bernstein, D.M., Merckelbach, H., Linders, C., Raymaekers, L., & Loftus, E.F. (2008) Lasting false beliefs and their behavioral consequences.  Psychological Science, 19, 749-753.
• Laney, C., Bowman-Fowler, N., Nelson, K., Bernstein, D.M.,& Loftus, E.F. (2008) The persistence of false beliefs.  Acta Psychologica
• Laney, C., Morris, E.K., Bernstein, D.M., Wakefield, B.M. & Loftus, E.F. (2008)  Asparagus, a love story.  Experimental Psychology, 55, 291-300.
• Laney, C. Kaasa, S., Morris, E.K., Berkowitz, S.R., Bernstein, D.M., & Loftus, E.F. (2008) The Red Herring technique.  Psychological Research, 72, 362-375.
• Laney, C. & Loftus, E. F. (2008) Emotional content of true and false memories.  Memory, 16, 500-516.
• Sharman et al (2008)  False Memories for end of life decisions.  Health Psychology. 27, 291-296.
• Sacchi, D., Agnoli, F., & Loftus, E.F. (2007) Changing History: Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21, 1005-1022.
• Davis, D., Loftus, E.F., Vanous, S., & Cucciare, M. (2008) “Unconscious Transference” Can Be an Instance of “Change Blindness.” Applied Cognitive Psychology. 22, 605-623
• Loftus, E. F. (2007) Elizabeth F. Loftus (Autobiography) In Lindzey, G. & Runyan, M. (Eds) History of Psychology in Autobiography Vol. IX Washington, DC: APA. p 198-227.
• Davis, D. & Loftus, E.F. (2007) Internal and external sources of misinformation in adult witness memory. In M.P. Toglia, J.D. Read, D.F. Ross, & R.C.L. Lindsay (Eds). Handbook of eyewitness psychology (Vol l). Memory for events. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. p 195-237.
• Morgan, C. A. III, Hazlett, G., Baranoski, M., Doran, A., Southwick, S., & Loftus, E.F. (2007) Accuracy of eyewitness identification is significantly associated with performance on a standardized test of face recognition. International Journal of Law & Psychiatry, 30, 213-223.
• Thomas, A.K., Hannula, D.E., & Loftus, E.F. (2007) How self-relevant imagination affects memory for behavior.Applied Cogntive Psychology, 21, 69-86.
• Wade, K.A., Sharman, S.J., Garry, M., Memon, A., Mazzoni, G., Merckelbach, H., & Loftus, E.F. (2007) False claims about false memory research. Consciousness & Cognition, 16, 18-28.
• Loftus, E.F. & Davis, D. (2006) Recovered Memories. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2, 469-498.
• Pizarro, D.A., Laney, C., Morris, E.K., & Loftus, E.F. (2006). Ripple effects in memory: Judgments of moral blame can distort memory for events. Memory & Cognition, 34, 550-555
• Schmechel, R.S., O’Toole, T. P., Easterly, C. & Loftus, E.F. (2006) Beyond the Ken: Testing Juror’s Understanding of eyewitness reliability evidence. Jurimetrics Journal, 46, 177-214.
• Braun-LaTour, K.A., LaTour, M.S. & Loftus, E.F. (2006) Is that a finger in my chili?: Using affective advertising for postcrisis brand repair. Cornell Hotel & Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 47, 2, 106-120.
• Morris, E.K., Laney, C., Bernstein, D.M., & Loftus, E.F. (2006) Susceptibility to memory distortion: How do we decide it has occurred? American Journal of Psychology. 119, 255-276.
• Croyle, R.T., Loftus, E.F., & Berger, S.D, Sun, Y, Hart, M., & Gettig, J.. (2006) How Well Do People Recall Risk Factor Test Results? Accuracy and Bias Among Cholesterol Screening Participants. Health Psychology, 25, 425-432.
• Davis, D., & Loftus, E.F. (2006) Psychologists in the forensic world. In Donaldson, et al. (Eds.). Applied psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum., p 171-200.
• Bernstein, D.M., Laney, C., Morris, E.K. & Loftus, E.F.(2005) False beliefs about fattening foods can have healthy consequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102, 13724-13731.
• Loftus, E. F. (2005) Planting misinformation in the human mind: A 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learning and Memory, 12, 361-366.
• Bernstein, D.M., Laney, C., Morris, E.K. & Loftus, E.F. (2005) False memories about food can lead to food avoidance. Social Cognition, 23, 10-33.
• Davis, D. & Loftus, E. F. (2005)  Age and functioning in the legal system.   In Y.I. Noy & W. Karwowski (Eds),Handbook of Forensic Human Factors in litigation.  (pp  11-1 – 11-53).  New York: CRC Press.
• Braun-LaTour, K. A., LaTour, M. S., Pickrell, J. & Loftus, E.F. (2004) How (and When) advertising can influence memory for consumer experience. Journal of Advertising. 33,7-25.
• Loftus, E. F. (2004) Dispatch from the (un) civil memory wars. Lancet, 364, 20-21.
• Bernstein, D. M., Godfrey, R., Davison, A., & Loftus, E. F. (2004) Conditions affecting the revelation effect for autobiographical memory. Memory & Cognition. 32, 455-462.
• Nourkova V.V., Bernstein D.M., Loftus E.F. (2004) Biography becomes autobiography: Distorting the subjective past. American Journal of Psychology, 117, 65-80.
  Loftus, E.F. (2004) Memories of Things Unseen. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13, 145-147.
• Nourkova V.V., Bernstein D.M., Loftus E.F. (2004) Altering traumatic memories. Cognition & Emotion, 18, 575-585
• Kanter, J. W., Kohlenberg, R. J. & Loftus, E. F. (2004) Experimental and Psychotherapeutic Demand Characteristics and the Cognitive Therapy Rationale. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28, 229-239.
• Loftus, E.F. (2003) Make-Believe Memories. Amer Psych, 58, 864-873
• Loftus, E. F. (2003) Our changeable memories: legal and practical implications. Nature Reviews: Neuroscience, 4, 231-234.
• Loftus, E.F. (2003, Fall) On science under legal assault. Daedalus (Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences), 132, 84-86.
• Wells, G. L. & Loftus, E.F. (2003). Eyewitness memory for people and events. A. M. Goldstein (Ed.) Handbook of Psychology. Vol 11 Forensic Psychology (I.B. Weiner, Editor-in-Chief). New York: John Wiley & Sons, pp 149-160
• Thomas, A. K., Bulevich, J. B., & Loftus, E.F. (2003) Exploring the role of repetition and sensory elaboration in the imagination inflation effect. Memory & Cognition, 31, 630- 640.
• Loftus, E. F. (2003) The Dangers of Memory. In R.J. Sternberg (Ed). Psychologists Defying the Crowd. Washington, D.C. American Psychological Association Press. Pp. 105-117.
• Loftus, E. F. (2002) Memory Faults and Fixes. Issues in Science & Technology (publication of the National Academies of Science), 18, # 4, pp 41-50.
• Braun, K.A., Ellis, R. & Loftus, E.F. (2002) Make My Memory. Psychology and Marketing, 19, 1-23.
• Bernstein, D. M., Whittlesea, B. W.A. & Loftus, E. F. (2002) Increasing confidence in remote autobiographical memory and general knowledge: Extensions of the revelation effect, Memory & Cognition, 30, 432-438.
• Loftus, E.F. & Guyer, M. (2002) Who Abused Jane Doe?: The Hazards of the Single Case History.Part I.Skeptical Inquirer, 26, 4-32.(and part II download here)
• Thomas, A.K. & Loftus, E.F. (2002)  Creating bizarre false memories through imagination.  Memory & Cognition, 30, 423-431.
• Mazzoni, G.A.L., Loftus, E.F., Kirsch, I. (2001) Changing beliefs about implausible autobiographical events. Journal of Experimental Psych: Applied, 7, 51-59
• Loftus, E.F. (2001) Imagining the Past. The Psychologist, 14, 584-587.
• Wright, D.B., Loftus, E.F. & Hall, M. (2001) Now you see it; Now you don’t; Inhibiting recall and recognition of scenes. Applied Cognitive Psychology, l5, 471-482.
• Loftus, E.F. & Calvin, W.C. (2001, April) Memory’s future. Psychology Today, 34, p 55-58, 83
• Davis, D., Loftus, E.F., & Follette, W.C. (2001) How, when and whether to use informed consent for recovered memory therapy. Journal of American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 29, 148-159

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS 1990 TO 1999

• Wright, D.B. & Loftus, E.F. (1999) Measuring dissociation. American Journal of Psychology, 112, 497-519.
• Mazzoni, G.A.L., Lombardo, P., Malvagia, S., & Loftus, E.F. (1999) Dream interpretation and false beliefs. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30, 45-50.
• Mazzoni & Loftus (1998).  Dream interpretation can change beliefs about the past.  Psychotherapy.
• Braun, K.A. & Loftus, E.F. (1998) Advertising’s misinformation effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12, 569-591.
• Loftus, E.F. & Mazzoni, G.A.L. (1998) Using imagination and personalized suggestion to change people.Behavior Therapy, 29, 691-706.
• Loftus, E.F. (1998) Illusions of Memory. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 142, 60-73.
• Loftus, E. F. (1997) Creating false memories. Scientific American, 277, 70-75.
• Garry, M., Manning, C., Loftus, E.F., & Sherman, S.J. (1996) Imagination Inflation: Imagining a childhood event inflates confidence that it occurred. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 3, 208-214.
• Loftus, E.F., Coan, J.A. & Pickrell, J.E. (1996) Manufacturing false memories using bits of reality. In L. M. Reder (Ed.) Implicit memory and metacognition. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 195-220.
• Loftus, E.F. (1995)  Remembering dangerously.   Skeptical Inquirer,  19, 20-29.
• Loftus, E.F. & Pickrell, J.E. (1995) The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25, 720-725.
• Loftus, E.F. (1993) The reality of repressed memories. American Psychologist, 48, 518-537
• Loftus, E.F. (1992) When a lie becomes memory?s truth. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 121-123.
• Loftus, E.F., Levidow, B & Duensing, S. (1992) Who remembers best? Individual differences in memory for events that occurred in a science museum. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 6, 93-107.
• Loftus, E.F. (1991) Made in Memory: Distortions of recollection after misleading information. In G. Bower (Ed.)Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 27, 187-215. NY: Academic Press.
  

  SELECTED PUBLICATIONS 1980 TO 1089

• Loftus, E.F. & Hoffman, H. G. (1989) Misinformation and memory. Journal of Experimental Psych: General, 117, 100-104
• Bell, B. & Loftus, E.F. (1989). Trivial persuasion in the courtroom: The power of (a few) minor details. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 669-679.
• Loftus, E.F., Banaji, M.R., Schooler, J.W., & Foster, R.A. (1987). Who remembers what? Gender differences in memory. Michigan Quarterly Review, 26, 64-85.
• Loftus, E.F., Loftus, G.R., & Messo, J. (1987). Some facts about weapon focus. Law and Human Behavior, 11, 55-62.
• Christianson, S. & Loftus, E.F. (1987). Memory for traumatic events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 1, 225-239.
• Schooler, J.W., Gerhard, D., & Loftus, E.F. (1986). Qualities of the unreal. Journal of Experimental Psych:LMC, 12, 171-181.
• Loftus, E.F. (1986). Ten years in the life of an expert witness. Law and Human Behavior, 10, 241-263. (Presidential Address, American Psychology-Law Society).
• Loftus, E.F., Fienberg, S.E., & Tanur, J.M. (1985). Cognitive psychology meets the national survey. American Psych, 40, 175-180.
• Loftus, E.F., Schooler, J.W., Loftus, G.R., & Glauber, D.T. (1985). Memory for events occurring under anesthesia. Acta Psychologica, 59, 123-128.
• Severance, L., Greene, E., & Loftus, E.F. (1984). Toward criminal jury instructions that jurors can understand.Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 75, 198-233.
• Loftus, E.F. & Burns, T.E. (1982). Mental shock can produce retrograde amnesia. Memory and Cognition, 10, 318-323.
• Deffenbacher, K.A. & Loftus, E.F. (1982). Do jurors share a common understanding concerning eyewitness behavior? Law and Human Behavior, 6, 15-30.
• Loftus, E.F. & Loftus, G.R. (1980). On the permanence of stored information in the human brain. American Psych, 35, 409-420.
• Loftus, E.F. & Greene, E. (1980). Warning: Even memory for faces may be contagious. Law and Human Behavior, 4, 323-334.
• Loftus, E.F. & Monahan, J. (1980)  Trial by data: Psychological research as legal evidence.   American Psychologist. 35, 270-283.

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS BEFORE 1980

• Loftus, E.F. & Fries, J.F. (1979). Informed consent may be hazardous to your health. Science, 204, 11.
• Powers, P.A., Andriks, J.L., & Loftus, E.F. (1979). The eyewitness accounts of females and males. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 339-347.
• Loftus, E.F., Miller, D.G., & Burns, H.J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4, 19-31.
• Collins, A.M. & Loftus, E.F. (1975). A spreading activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82, 407-428.
• Loftus, E.F. (1975). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 560-572.
• Loftus, E.F. & Palmer, J.C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13, 585-589.
• Loftus, E.F. & Suppes, P. (1972). Structural variables that determine the speed of retrieving words from long-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 770-777.
• Loftus & Freedman (1972)  semantic memory.  JVLVB.
• Freedman, J.L. & Loftus, E.F. (1971). Retrieval of words from long-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 10, 107-115.